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gnomonic projection
A gnomonic map projection displays all great circles as straight lines, resulting in any straight line segment on a gnomonic map showing a geodesic, the shortest route between the segment's two endpoints. This is achieved by casting surface points of the sphere onto a tangent plane, each landing where a ray from the center of the sphere passes through the point on the surface and then on to the plane. No distortion occurs at the tangent point, but distortion increases rapidly away from it. Less than half of the sphere can be projected onto a finite map. Consequently a rectilinear photographic lens, which is based on the gnomonic principle, cannot image more than 180 degrees.
==History==
The gnomonic projection is said to be the oldest map projection, developed by Thales in the 6th century BC.
The path of the shadow-tip or light-spot in a nodus-based sundial traces out the same hyperbolae formed by parallels on a gnomonic map.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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